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Miamisburg ( ) is a city in Montgomery County, Ohio, United States. The population was 20,181 at the 2010 census.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=American FactFinder2 )〕 It is part of the Dayton Metropolitan Statistical Area. Miamisburg is known for its large industry (mainly for its nuclear operations during World War II) and retail factors (such as the Dayton Mall) commercial business area, which is partially located in Miami Township, but is probably most famous for being the home to the Miamisburg Mound. Miamisburg borders Miami Township, Springboro, and West Carrollton. The sister city of Miamisburg is Owen Sound, Ontario.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Owen Sound Ontario Canada links page )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The city of Miamisburg, facts and figures )〕 ==History== European-Americans started calling their first community "Hole's Station" ''circa'' 1797, when Zechariah Hole settled there with his family from Virginia and built a stockade on the west bank of the Miami River opposite the mouth of Bear Creek. The stockade attracted squatters, surveying parties, and other settlers who had taken grants to live in the local cabins until they could build their own; hence the little community became known as "Hole's Station". Settlers came west primarily from Pennsylvania. By 1822 the unincorporated community had become a village; it achieved city status in the 1920s. By 1827, the Miami and Erie Canal was under construction through the community, which improved transportation of people and goods through the region. The formal opening took place in January 1829, when the ''Governor Brown'' was the first packet boat to go through the settlement. Also that year the first boats from Cincinnati had arrived and passed through Miamisburg to get to Dayton. By 1834 the canal had been extended to Piqua, and many businesses along the river grew. The 1840s and the 1850s were brought the best of times to the canals. George Kinder, a local resident, shipped bags of food to Ireland during its Great Famine; these also contained his address, with ads saying that he was hiring immigrant workers. Some Irish immigrants did come to Miamisburg and surrounding cities in search of work. But by the early 20th century, the canal was abandoned. Later highways carried most of the local traffic. Miamisburg was the site of one of the first post-war U.S Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) facilities, beginning in 1947. The Dayton area had supported numerous secret operations for the War Department during World War II. As the war ended, the majority of these operations were moved to the Miamisburg Mound Laboratory, which was operated by the Monsanto Chemical Company. The Mound Labs were to monitor all aspects of the US nuclear defense stockpile. The Mound Plant, built in 1947, was situated on a 306–acre site in the city south of Dayton. The workers, who numbered more than 2,000 at the height of the production, made plutonium detonators for nuclear weapons. Their work was very classified. The plant had a small army of security guards and was ringed by chain-link fencing and razor wire. When the Cold War ended, the plant discontinued the detonator work, but it continued to make nuclear power generators for space probes. In May 1993 U.S Department of Energy decided to end all production at the Mound. This move affected 2,100 employees in the local area. By 1996 cleanup of radioactive and hazardous waste was the main activity at the Plant. The Mound Development Corporation spearheaded the creation of the Mound Advanced Technology Center in the redevelopment of the plant, with the Montgomery County Regional Dispatch Center joining 14 other tenants in March 2009. In December 2010, the Dayton Police Department became the 17th law enforcement agency, along with 11 fire departments, to be dispatched from the regional center. On September 10, 1978, 15 cars of a Conrail freight train derailed as the result of a hot box, caused by uneven distribution of steel ingots in a gondola loaded at Buffalo, New York by Republic Steel. They demolished a house at the Pearl Street crossing and killed three of its five occupants. As a result of a cooperative investigation by the Miamisburg Police Department and the National Transportation Safety Board, the deaths were ruled homicides by the Montgomery County Coroner. Eight years later, on July 8, 1986, another train derailed on the CSX Transportation line on the west bank of the river, igniting yellow phosphorus contained in a tanker car. 7,000 local residents were initially evacuated, but during clearing operations the next day another large escape of product resulted in re-ignition of the phosphorus. This led to the evacuation of approximately 30,000 people across southern Montgomery County, the largest evacuation in Ohio history. The resulting thick white cloud engulfed communities as far north as Yellow Springs, Pitchin, and South Vienna. Rolling in like a massive desert dust storm across the horizon, the chemical cloud hugged the ground and blotted out the sun for several minutes before dissipating. 569 persons were treated for "various complaints," more than $3.5 mililon in property damaged occurred, and more than $1 billion in lawsuits resulted.〔(NTSB Hazardous Materials Report NTSB/HZM 87/01 ), Internet Archives. Retrieved 2015-02-6〕 A nitric oxide distillation column at a local chemical plant known as Isotec exploded on September 21, 2003, causing school and other events to be cancelled. Isotec is a division of Sigma-Aldrich. World headquarters of JatroDiesel is located in Miamisburg. JatroDiesel manufactures biodiesel equipment and produces biodiesel, a sustainable alternative energy fuel to diesel. The headquarters of National City Mortgage Corporation, a division of National City Corp. was located in Miamisburg. In 2009, PNC Bank purchased National City Bank and converted National City Mortgage into PNC Mortgage. The headquarters for PNC Mortgage moved to Downers Grove, Ill, but much of the servicing division remains in Miamisburg. World headquarters of LexisNexis, were located in Miamisburg. In 2007 the headquarters moved to New York City, but the operations remain in Ohio. In the year 2018, a time vault is set to be opened to celebrate the city's 200th birthday. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Miamisburg, Ohio」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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